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The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization aiming to maintain international peace and security, developing friendly relations among nations and countries, achieving international cooperation, and serving as a centre for coordinating the actions of member states. It is widely recognized as the world's largest international organization. The UN is headquartered in New York City, in international territory with certain privileges extraterritorial to the United States, and the UN has other offices in Geneva, Nairobi, Vienna, and The Hague, where the International Court of Justice is headquartered at the Peace Palace.
The UN was established after World War II with the aim of preventing future world wars, and succeeded the League of Nations, which was characterized as being ineffective. On 25 April 1945, 50 nations assembled in San Francisco, California, for a conference and initialized the drafting of the UN Charter, which was adopted on 25 June 1945. The charter took effect on 24 October 1945, when the UN began operations. The UN's objectives, as outlined by its charter, include maintaining international peace and security, protecting human rights, delivering humanitarian aid, promoting sustainable development, and upholding international law. At its founding, the UN had 51 member states; as of 2024, it has 193 sovereign states, nearly all of the world's recognized sovereign states.
The UN's mission to preserve world peace was complicated in its initial decades due in part to Cold War tensions that existed between the United States and Soviet Union and their respective allies. Its mission has included the provision of primarily unarmed military observers and lightly armed troops charged with primarily monitoring, reporting and confidence-building roles. UN membership grew significantly following the widespread decolonization in the 1960s. Since then, 80 former colonies have gained independence, including 11 trust territories that had been monitored by the Trusteeship Council. By the 1970s, the UN's budget for economic and social development programmes vastly exceeded its spending on peacekeeping. After the end of the Cold War in 1991, the UN shifted and expanded its field operations, undertaking a wide variety of complex tasks.
The UN comprises six principal operational organizations: the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, the International Court of Justice, the UN Secretariat, and the Trusteeship Council, although the Trusteeship Council has been suspended since 1994. The UN System includes a multitude of specialized agencies, funds, and programmes, including the World Bank Group, the World Health Organization, the World Food Programme, UNESCO, and UNICEF. Additionally, non-governmental organizations may be granted consultative status with the Economic and Social Council and other agencies.
The UN's chief administrative officer is the secretary-general, currently António Guterres, who is a Portuguese politician and diplomat. He began his first five-year term on 1 January 2017 and was re-elected on 8 June 2021. The organization is financed by assessed and voluntary contributions from its member states.
The UN, its officers, and its agencies have won multiple Nobel Peace Prizes, although other evaluations of its effectiveness have been contentious. Some commentators believe the organization to be a leader in peace and human development, while others have criticized it for ineffectiveness, bias, and corruption.
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Cake City - 2023-12-01 00:00:00
- Fidelio, Op. 72: Announcement - Fidelio Excerpts conducted by Bruno Walter sung in English - Un
- Fidelio, op. 72, Overtüre Act 1 - Fidelio Excerpts conducted by Bruno Walter sung in English - Un
- Fidelio, Op. 72: No. 2 Aria. O wär ich schon mit dir vereint - Fidelio Excerpts conducted by Bruno Walter sung in English - Un
- Fidelio, Op. 72: Recitative. Nun Marzelline, ist Fidelio noch nicht zurück gekommen? - Fidelio Excerpts conducted by Bruno Walter sung in English - Un
- Fidelio, Op. 72: No. 3 Quartett: Mir ist so wunderbar - Fidelio Excerpts conducted by Bruno Walter sung in English - Un
- Fidelio, Op. 72: Recitative. Höre Fidelio, wenn ich auch nicht weiss - Fidelio Excerpts conducted by Bruno Walter sung in English - Un
- Fidelio, Op. 72: No. 4 Arie: Hat man nicht auch Gold beineben - Fidelio Excerpts conducted by Bruno Walter sung in English - Un
- Fidelio, Op. 72: No. 8 Duett: Jetzt, Alter, jetzt hat es Eile - Fidelio Excerpts conducted by Bruno Walter sung in English - Un
- Fidelio, Op. 72: No. 9 Recitative and Aria. Abscheulicher! Wo eilst Du hin - Fidelio Excerpts conducted by Bruno Walter sung in English - Un
- Fidelio, op. 72, Act 2: No. 11 Introduction and Aria. Gott welch Dunkel hier - Fidelio Excerpts conducted by Bruno Walter sung in English - Un
- Fidelio, Op. 72: No. 12 Duett: Nur hurtig fort, nur frisch gegraben - Fidelio Excerpts conducted by Bruno Walter sung in English - Un
- Fidelio, Op. 72: Recitative. Alles ist bereit; ich gehe, - Fidelio Excerpts conducted by Bruno Walter sung in English - Un
- Fidelio, Op. 72: No. 14 Quartett: Er sterbe - Fidelio Excerpts conducted by Bruno Walter sung in English - Un
- Fidelio, Op. 72: No. 15 Duett: O namenlose Freude - Fidelio Excerpts conducted by Bruno Walter sung in English - Un
- Fidelio, Op. 72: No. 16 Finale. O Gott, o Gott, welch ein Augenblick - Fidelio Excerpts conducted by Bruno Walter sung in English - Un
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